Abell, J., S. Emerson and P. Renaud. 2000. Distribution of TOP, TON, TOC in the North Pacific subtropical gyre: implications for ocean surface nutrient supply and remineralization in the upper thermocline.marine research magazine58:203–222.
Aluwihare, LI, D.J. Repeat and R.F. Chen. 1997. An important biopolymeric component for dissolved organic carbon in surface seawater.Nature387:166–169.
Anderson, T.R. and PJ leB. Williams. 1999. A one-dimensional model of the dissolved organic carbon cycle in the water column incorporating combined biological photochemical decomposition.Global biogeochemical cycles13:337–349.
Aristegui, J., S. Augustine and C.M. Duarte. 2003. Breathing no murky ocean.Geophysical Investigation Letters30, 1041, doi:10.1029/2002GL016227.
Aristegui, J., C.M. Duarte, S. Augusti, M. Doval, A. Alvarez-Salgado and D.A. Hansell. 2002. Dissolved organic carbon support from dark ocean respiration.Science298:1.967.
Bacon, M. and R.F. Anderson. 1982. Distribution of thorium isotopes between dissolved and particulate forms on the sea floor.Journal of Geophysical Research87:2045–2056.
Bauer, J.E., P.M. Williams e E.R.M. Druffel. 2002.14C activity of dissolved organic carbon fractions in the north-central Pacific and Sargasso Seas.Nature357:667–670.
Benner, R. and B. Biddanda. 1998. Photochemical transformations of shallow and deep marine dissolved organic matter: Effects on bacterial growth.Limnology and Oceanography43:1.373–1.378.
Burd AB, DA Hansell DK. Steinberg, T.R. Anderson, J. Aristegui, F. Baltar, R. Beaupré, K.O. Buesseler, F. DeHairs, G.A. Jackson and others. In the press. Evaluation of the apparent imbalance between geochemical and biochemical indicators of meso and bathypelagic biological activity: Que @$#! What's wrong with current calculations of carbon budgets?offshore research Part II.
Carlson, CA 2002. Production and Removal Processes. Pages. 91-151 inBiogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter. DA Hansell and C. A. Carlson, editors, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Carlson, CA, H.W. Ducklow and A.F. Michaels. 1994. Annual flux of dissolved organic carbon from the euphotic zone in the northwest Sargasso Sea.Nature371:405–408.
Carlson, CA, DA Hansell, N.B. Nelson, D.A. Siegel, W.M. Smethie Jr., S. Khatiwala, MM Meyers, and E. Wallner. In the press. Export of dissolved organic carbon and subsequent remineralization in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic realms of the North Atlantic basin.offshore research part II.
Cherrier, J., J. E. Bauer, E.R.M. Druffel, R.B. Coffin and J.P. Chanton. 1999. Radiocarbon in marine bacteria: evidence for the ages of assimilated carbon.Limnology and Oceanography44:730–736.
Copin-Montegut, C. and B. April. 1993. Vertical distribution and temporal variation of dissolved organic carbon in the northwest Mediterranean Sea.Deep Sea Research Part I40:1963–1972.
Dittmar, T. and G. Kattner. 2003. The biogeochemistry of the Arctic Ocean shelf river and ecosystem: a review.marine chemistry83:103–120.
Doval, MD and D.A. Hansell. 2000. Organic carbon and apparent oxygen utilization in the western South Pacific and central Indian Ocean.marine chemistry68:249–264.
Druffel, E.R.M. and PM Williams. 1990. Identification of a deep marine source of particulate organic carbon using pump14C.Nature347:172–174.
Druffel, E.R.M., J.E. Bauer, PM. Williams, S. Griffin and D.M. Wolgast. 1996. Seasonal variability of particulate organic radiocarbon in the northeast Pacific Ocean.Journal of Geophysical Research101:20.543–20.552.
Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, J.E. Bauer, D.M. Wolgast and X.-C. Wang, 1998. Distribution of organic carbon and radiocarbon particles in the water column from the upper slope to the abyssal NE of the Pacific Ocean.Deep Sea Research Part II45:667–687.
Druffel, E.R.M., P.M. Williams, J.E. Bauer and J.R. Ertel. 1992. Cycling of dissolved and particulate organic matter in the open ocean.Journal of Geophysical Research97(Q10):15.639–15.659.
Ducklow, H.W., D.K. Steinberg and K.O. busseler. 2001. Upper Ocean Carbon Export and the Biological Pump.Oceanography14(4):50–58. Available online at: http://tos.org/oceanography/issues/issue_archive/14_4.html (accessed September 24, 2009).
Dunne, JP, J.L. Sarmiento and A. Gnanadesikan. 2007. A synthesis of the global export of particles from the ocean surface and the cycle through the ocean interior and the sea floor.Global biogeochemical cycles21, GB4006, doi:10.1029/2006GB002907.
Engel, A., S. Thoms, U. Riebesell, E. Rochelle-Nehall and I. Zondervan. 2004. Aggregation of polysaccharides as a potential marine sink of dissolved organic carbon.Nature428:929–932.
Goldberg, SJ, CA Carlson, DA Hansell, N.B. Nelson and D.A. Siegel. 2009. Temporal dynamics of neutral bound dissolved sugars and the quality of dissolved organic matter in the northwest Sargasso Sea.Deep Sea Research Part I56:672–685.
Hansell, D. A. 2002. DOC on the global ocean carbon cycle. Pages. 685–715 inBiogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter. DA Hansell e CACarlson, eds, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Hansell, D. A. 2005. Dissolved Organic Carbon Reference Material Program.eos,Transactions, American Geophysical Union86(35):318.
Hansell, D.A. and CA Carlson. 1998a. Deep ocean gradients in dissolved organic carbon concentrations.Nature395:263–266.
Hansell, D.A. and CA Carlson. 1998b. Community net production of dissolved organic carbon.Global biogeochemical cycles12:443–453.
Hansell, D.A. and CA Carlson. 2001. Marine dissolved organic matter and the carbon cycle.Oceanography14(4):41–49. Available online at: http://tos.org/oceanography/issues/issue_archive/14_4.html (accessed September 24, 2009).
Hansell, D. A. and C. A. Carlson. 2002.Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter. . . . Academic Press, San Diego, 774 p.
Hansell, DA, CA Carlson and S. Suzuki. 2002. Export of Dissolved Organic Carbon with the North Pacific Intermediate Water Formation.Global biogeochemical cycles16:77–84.
Hansman, RL, S. Griffin, J.T. Watson, E.R.M. Druffel, A.E. Ingalls, A. Pearson and L.I. Aluwihare. 2009. The radiocarbon signature of microorganisms in the mesopelagic ocean.Annals of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America106:6.513–6.518.
Hedges, J. I. 2002. Why does organic matter dissolve? Pages. 1–33 inchesBiogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter. DA Hansell and C. A. Carlson, editors, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Hedges, J.I. and C. Lee. 1993. Measurement of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in natural waters.marine chemistry41(1–3):1–290.
Hopkinson, CS, Jr. and J.J. Vallino. 2005. Efficient export of carbon to the deep ocean via dissolved organic matter.Nature433:142–145.
Ingalls, A.E., S.R. Shah, R.L. Hansman, L.I. Aluwihare, G.M. Santos, E.R.M. Druffel and A. Pearson. 2006. Quantification of archaeal community autotrophy in the mesopelagic ocean using natural radiocarbon.Annals of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America103:6.442–6.447.
Kieber, DJ, J. McDaniel and K. Mopper. 1989. Photochemical source of biological substrates in seawater: implications for the carbon cycle.Nature341:637–639.
Lochte, K., R. Anderson, R. Francois, R.A. Jahnke, G. Shimmield and A. Vetrov. 2003. Benthic processes and carbon burial. Pages. 195–216 inchesOcean Biogeochemistry: The Role of the Ocean Carbon Cycle in Global Change. M.J.R. Fasham, ed., Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg.
Mopper, K., X.L. Zhou, RJ Kieber, DJ Kieber, RJ Sikorski and RD Jones. 1991. Photochemical degradation of dissolved organic carbon and its impact on the oceanic carbon cycle.Nature353:60–62.
Nagata, T., H. Fukuda, R. Fukuda, and I. Koike. 2000. Distribution and production of bacterioplankton in deep Pacific waters: large-scale geographic variations and possible coupling with sinking particle flows.Limnology and Oceanography45:419–425.
Passow, U. and A.L. Alldredge. 2004. Distribution, size and bacterial colonization of transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) in the ocean.Marine Ecology Progress Series113:185–198.
Reinthaler, T., H. van Aken, C. Veth, J. Arístegui, C. Robinson, P. Williams, P. Lebaron and G.J. Herndl. 2006. Prokaryotic respiration and production in the meso and bathypelagic kingdom of the eastern and western North Atlantic basin.Limnology and Oceanography51:1.262–1.273.
Repeat, D.J. and L.I. Aluwihare. 2006. High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Carbon Cycle Determined by Radiocarbon Measurements of Neutral Sugars.Limnology and Oceanography51:1045–1053.
Schlitzer, R. 2002. Carbon export flows in the Southern Ocean: inverse model results and comparison with satellite-based estimates.Deep Sea Research Part II49:1623–1644.
Schlitzer, R. 2007. Assimilation of Radiocarbon and Chlorofluorocarbon Data to Constrain Deep and Deep Water Transport in the World's Oceans.Journal of Physical Oceanography37:259–276.
Sharp, JH, CA Carlson, E.T. Peltzer, D.M. Castle-Ward, KB Savidge and K.R. rinker. 2002. Final intercalibration of the broad community of dissolved organic carbon and preliminary use of DOC reference materials.marine chemistry77:239–253.
Skoog, A. and R. Benner. 1998. Aldose in Various Size Fractions of Marine Organic Matter: Implications for the Carbon Cycle.Limnology and Oceanography42:1803–1813.
Stuiver, M., PD Quay and H.G. Ostlund. 1983. Distribution of carbon-14 in abyssal waters and the age of the world's oceans.Science219 (4586): 849–851.
Sugimura, Y. and Y. Suzuki. 1988. A high temperature catalytic oxidation method for the determination of non-volatile dissolved organic carbon in seawater by direct injection of a liquid sample.marine chemistry24:105–131.
Toggweiler, JR 1989. Is the downward flux of dissolved organic matter (DOM) important in carbon transport? Pages. 65–83 inchesOcean productivity: present and past. W. H. Berger, VS Smetacek e G. Wefer, eds., Wiley, Nueva York, NY.
Turley, CM, and P.J. Mackie. 1994. Biogeochemical significance of attached and free-living bacteria and particle flux in the NE Atlantic Ocean.Marine Ecology Progress Series115:191–203.
Van Aken, H. 2007.oceanic thermohaline circulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Springer Publishing House, New York, NY, 326 pages.
Carrasco, P., A.L. Alldredge , F. Azam , D.L. Kirchman, U. Passow and P.H. Santschi. 2004. A phase of ocean gel: a noncontinuous DOM-POM bridge.marine chemistry92 (1–4 special edition): 67–85.
Wells, M. L. 1998. Marine colloids: a forgotten dimension.Nature391:530–531.
Williams, PJ (1999). and B. 2000. Heterotrophic bacteria and the dynamics of dissolved organic material. Pages 153–200 inMicrobial ecology of the oceans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DL Kirchman, ed., Wiley-Liss, New York, NY.
Williams, P.M. and A.F. Carlucci. 1975. Bacterial utilization of organic matter at marine depths.Nature262:810–811.
Williams, PM. and E.R.M. Druffel. 1987. Radiocarbon in dissolved organic matter in the central North Pacific Ocean.Nature330(6145):246–248.
Williams, PM. and E.R.M. Druffel. 1988. Dissolved Organic Matter in the Ocean: Comments on a Controversy.Oceanography1(1):14–17. Available online at: http://tos.org/oceanography/issues/issue_archive/1_1.html (accessed September 24, 2009).